ArcGIS Engine字段操作详解

一、获取字段信息

/// <summary>/// 获取字段信息/// </summary>/// <param name="pField"></param>public static void GetMsgFromField(IField pField){    var name = pField.Name; //字段名 OBJECTID;SHAPE;BSM;HDMC;BZ;TBMJ     bool req = pField.Required;  //是否为必要字段 true;true;false;false;false;false     bool eid = pField.Editable;  //是否可编辑 false;true;true;true;true;true     var aName = pField.AliasName; //字段别名 OBJECTID;SHAPE;标识码;HDMC;备注;图斑面积     bool nullable = pField.IsNullable; //可包含空值 false;true;true;true;true;true     //bool valid = pField.CheckValue(1111); //检查Value在字段中是否有效,感觉没啥用处啊     esriFieldType fieldType  = pField.Type;  //字段类型 esriFieldTypeOID;esriFieldTypeGeometry;esriFieldTypeString;esriFieldTypeString;esriFieldTypeString;esriFieldTypeDouble     var varType = pField.VarType;   //字段的变量类型 3;13;8;8;8;5     int len = pField.Length; //字段长度 4;0;18;100;2147483647;8     int preci = pField.Precision; //精度 0;0;0;0;0;0     var dValue = pField.DefaultValue; //默认值     int sca=pField.Scale;//字段范围 0;0;0;0;0;0                bool domFixed = pField.DomainFixed; //是否为混合域 true;false;false;false;false;false     IDomain pDom = pField.Domain; //字段的默认域 null;null;null;有;null;有    if (pDom != null)    {        string domName = pDom.Name;  //默认值域名 DM;JSR        string domDes = pDom.Description; //默认值域描述 代码;净收入        esriFieldType pFieldType = pDom.FieldType; //字段类型 esriFieldTypeString;esriFieldTypeDouble        esriDomainType pDomainType = pDom.Type;  //域类型 esriDTCodedValue;esriDTRange        int domId = pDom.DomainID; //1051;1052        bool domVail= pDom.MemberOf("Q"); //检查Value在字段中是否有效 true        string domOwner = pDom.Owner;  //所属者 "";""        esriMergePolicyType pPolicyType = pDom.MergePolicy;  //合并策略 esriMPTDefaultValue;esriMPTSumValues        esriSplitPolicyType pSplitPolicy = pDom.SplitPolicy; //分割策略 esriSPTDefaultValue;esriSPTGeometryRatio    }     IGeometryDef pGeometryDef = pField.GeometryDef;  //几何定义 null;有;null    if (pGeometryDef != null)    {        esriGeometryType pGeometryType = pGeometryDef.GeometryType; //几何类型 ESRI.ArcGIS.Geometry.esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPolygon        int numPoints = pGeometryDef.AvgNumPoints;  //每个要素的估计平均点数 0        int gridCount = pGeometryDef.GridCount;  //空间索引网格的数目 1        double gridSize = pGeometryDef.get_GridSize(0); //空间索引网格的大小 350        bool hasZ = pGeometryDef.HasZ; //是否具有Z值 false        bool hasM = pGeometryDef.HasM; //是否具有M值 false        ISpatialReference pSpatialReference = pGeometryDef.SpatialReference; //空间参考 ISpatialReference继承ISpatialReferenceInfo接口    }}

二、创建字段

1、由已有要素类创建

  1）、普通方式

/// <summary>/// 从源数据集获取字段集合/// </summary>/// <param name="fClass">源数据集</param>/// <returns></returns>public static IFields GetFieldsBySource(IFeatureClass fClass){    IFields flds = new FieldsClass();    IFieldsEdit fldsEdit = flds as IFieldsEdit;    for (int i = 0; i < fClass.Fields.FieldCount; i++)    {        if (!fClass.Fields.Field[i].Required)  //过滤必要字段 Geometry字段为必要字段但可编辑            fldsEdit.AddField(fClass.Fields.Field[i]);    }     //修改IField字段    IField pGeometryField = fClass.Fields.get_Field(fClass.FindField(fClass.ShapeFieldName));     IGeometryDef pGeomDef = new GeometryDefClass();    IGeometryDefEdit pGeomDefEdit = pGeomDef as IGeometryDefEdit;    pGeomDefEdit.GeometryType_2 = pGeometryField.GeometryDef.GeometryType;    pGeomDefEdit.SpatialReference_2 = pGeometryField.GeometryDef.SpatialReference;     IFieldEdit pGeometryFieldEdit = pGeometryField as IFieldEdit;    pGeometryFieldEdit.GeometryDef_2 = pGeomDefEdit;    fldsEdit.AddField(pGeometryField);     return flds;}

 2)、IObjectCopy接口

/// <summary>/// IObjectCopy从源数据集拷贝字段/// </summary>/// <param name="featureClass"></param>/// <returns></returns>public IFields GetFieldsFromFClass(IFeatureClass featureClass){    IObjectCopy pObjectCopy = new ObjectCopyClass();    IFields pCopiedFields = pObjectCopy.Copy(featureClass.Fields) as IFields;     // Find the shape field.若不设置，导入数据的时候可能会报错    //int shapeFieldIndex = featureClass.FindField(featureClass.ShapeFieldName);    //IField shapeField = pCopiedFields.get_Field(shapeFieldIndex);    ////var hasZ = shapeField.GeometryDef.HasZ;//是否含有Z值     ////设置几何字段属性    //IGeometryDef pGeomDef = new GeometryDefClass();    //IGeometryDefEdit pGeomDefEdit = pGeomDef as IGeometryDefEdit;    //pGeomDefEdit.GeometryType_2 = shapeField.GeometryDef.GeometryType;    //pGeomDefEdit.SpatialReference_2 = shapeField.GeometryDef.SpatialReference;    //IFieldEdit pGeometryFieldEdit = shapeField as IFieldEdit;    //pGeometryFieldEdit.GeometryDef_2 = pGeomDefEdit;    return pCopiedFields;}

2、自定义创建字段

/// <summary>/// 自定义创建字段/// </summary>/// <returns></returns>public IFields CreateIFields(){    // 创建字段集合.    IFields fields = new FieldsClass();    IFieldsEdit fieldsEdit = (IFieldsEdit)fields;     // 在字段集合中添加一个Object ID. 必要字段.    IField oidField = new FieldClass();    IFieldEdit oidFieldEdit = (IFieldEdit)oidField;    oidFieldEdit.Name_2 = "OID";    oidFieldEdit.AliasName_2 = "索引";    oidFieldEdit.Type_2 = esriFieldType.esriFieldTypeOID;    fieldsEdit.AddField(oidField);     //给要素类创建几何定义和空间参考    IGeometryDef geometryDef = new GeometryDefClass();    IGeometryDefEdit geometryDefEdit = (IGeometryDefEdit)geometryDef;    geometryDefEdit.GeometryType_2 = esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPoint;     ISpatialReferenceFactory spatialReferenceFactory = new SpatialReferenceEnvironmentClass();    ISpatialReference spatialReference = spatialReferenceFactory.CreateProjectedCoordinateSystem((int)esriSRProjCSType.esriSRProjCS_NAD1983UTM_20N);    ISpatialReferenceResolution spatialReferenceResolution = (ISpatialReferenceResolution)spatialReference;//提供对控制空间引用分辨率的成员的访问。    spatialReferenceResolution.ConstructFromHorizon();//定义此空间参照的xy分辨率和域范围（基于其地平线的范围）。低精度SRS当前单位的最小分辨率为1/10毫米。    ISpatialReferenceTolerance spatialReferenceTolerance = (ISpatialReferenceTolerance)spatialReference;//访问空间信息和M偏差    spatialReferenceTolerance.SetDefaultXYTolerance();//设置用于控制X和Y尺寸中的点合并的默认簇公差（相当于当前空间参考单位中的1 mm）。     geometryDefEdit.SpatialReference_2 = spatialReference;     //添加几何字段.附加几何定义    IField geometryField = new FieldClass();    IFieldEdit geometryFieldEdit = (IFieldEdit)geometryField;    geometryFieldEdit.Name_2 = "Shape";    geometryFieldEdit.Type_2 = esriFieldType.esriFieldTypeGeometry;    geometryFieldEdit.GeometryDef_2 = geometryDef;    fieldsEdit.AddField(geometryField);     // Create a text field called "Name" for the fields collection.    IField nameField = new FieldClass();    IFieldEdit nameFieldEdit = (IFieldEdit)nameField;    nameFieldEdit.Name_2 = "Name";    nameFieldEdit.Type_2 = esriFieldType.esriFieldTypeString;    nameFieldEdit.Length_2 = 20;    fieldsEdit.AddField(nameField);     return fields;}

3、由FeatureClassDescriptionClass创建

/// <summary>/// 使用描述对象创建要素类和修改默认的几何定义（定义空间参考和几何类型）/// </summary>/// <param name="spatialReference">空间参考</param>/// <returns></returns>public IFields CreateIFieldsByDescription(ISpatialReference spatialReference){    // 初始化描述对象获得必要字段    IFeatureClassDescription fcDescription = new FeatureClassDescriptionClass();    IObjectClassDescription ocDescription = (IObjectClassDescription)fcDescription;    IFields fields = ocDescription.RequiredFields;    IFieldsEdit fieldsEdit = (IFieldsEdit)fields;     //在必要字段中找到“shape”字段并修改它的几何定义（修改为点和设置空间参考）    int shapeFieldIndex = fields.FindField(fcDescription.ShapeFieldName);    IField field = fields.get_Field(shapeFieldIndex);    IGeometryDef geometryDef = field.GeometryDef;    IGeometryDefEdit geometryDefEdit = (IGeometryDefEdit)geometryDef;    geometryDefEdit.GeometryType_2 = esriGeometryType.esriGeometryPoint;    geometryDefEdit.SpatialReference_2 = spatialReference;     // 添加一个 "Name" 字段.    IField nameField = new FieldClass();    IFieldEdit fieldEdit = (IFieldEdit)nameField;    fieldEdit.Name_2 = "Name";    fieldEdit.Type_2 = esriFieldType.esriFieldTypeString;    fieldsEdit.AddField(nameField);     return fields;}

三、验证字段

/// <summary>/// 验证字段/// </summary>/// <param name="fields">字段集合</param>/// <param name="sourceWk">源工作空间</param>/// <param name="targetWk">目标工作空间</param>/// <param name="errlis">返回错误</param>/// <returns></returns>public static IFields ValidateFields(IFields fields, IWorkspace sourceWk, IWorkspace targetWk, out List<string> errlis){    // Create the objects and references necessary for field validation.    IFieldChecker fieldChecker = new FieldCheckerClass();    IFields sourceFields = fields;    IFields targetFields = null;    IEnumFieldError enumFieldError = null;     // Set the required properties for the IFieldChecker interface.    fieldChecker.InputWorkspace = sourceWk;    fieldChecker.ValidateWorkspace = targetWk;     // Validate the fields and check for errors.    fieldChecker.Validate(sourceFields, out enumFieldError, out targetFields);    errlis = new List<string>();    if (enumFieldError != null)    {        enumFieldError.Reset();        IFieldError fiderr = null;        while ((fiderr = enumFieldError.Next()) != null)        {            errlis.Add($"错误类型【{fiderr.FieldError}】,字段名【{fields.Field[fiderr.FieldIndex].Name}】别名【{fields.Field[fiderr.FieldIndex].AliasName}】");        }    }    return targetFields;}

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